cNGN
cNGN is a digital naira. One cNGN is meant to be worth one Nigerian naira, and the issuer holds naira in Nigerian bank accounts to back it. It runs on nine public blockchains, among them Base, BNB Chain, Celo, Polygon and Bantu. Businesses mint and redeem it through an API that settles to a Nigerian bank account. Nigeria's Securities and Exchange Commission approved it under its regulatory incubation programme, and it went live in February 2025. The Africa Stablecoin Consortium built it, a group of Nigerian banks and fintech firms.
Africa's first regulated naira stablecoin, live since February 2025 under Nigeria's SEC incubation programme and issued by a consortium of Nigerian banks and fintechs. On-chain supply read across six of its published EVM contracts came to 3,618,908,858 cNGN. Engineering is visibly active, with a Celo deployment logged on 6 August 2026 and GitHub pushes on 17 August 2026. The row scores where the emerging-market fiat wrappers sit: fiat independence is 1 by construction, sovereignty and governance are weak because a single licensed issuer holds the mint and the whitelist, and the benchmark it targets is a currency the issuer's own FAQ concedes lost more than 80% against the dollar in a year. No reserve attestation was found on any surface.
M69 Score
Scored against the Money2069 Manifesto — see methodology. Higher = more aligned.
Detailed Rating Breakdown
Issuance Model3x3.0
IM-01 1: a single licensed issuer (WrappedCBDC Ltd) mints, and access is gated by API key plus IP whitelist, business accounts only. IM-02 5: no debt mechanism at all; cNGN is minted against a naira deposit. IM-03 2: backing is naira bank deposits, financial collateral with no real-economy signal. IM-04 4: elastic with no hard cap, bounded by the 1:1 reserve requirement. IM-05 4: redemption to a Nigerian bank account is routine and API-driven, with a redemption.completed webhook, so contraction is real and user-initiated but not permissionless. Average 16/5 = 3.2.
Spending Power Stability2x3.0
SPS-01 3: par redemption against reserves, no protocol-level stability mechanism beyond mint and redeem. SPS-02 2: the benchmark is the naira, and the issuer's own FAQ opens with the objection that the naira lost more than 80% against the dollar in a year; band 2 is the floor the scale offers, and a reviewer may argue the naira deserves worse than the USD example named there. SPS-03 2: a Reserves and Transparency section exists but no attestation, auditor or reserve dashboard was found on any surface read. SPS-04 3: 18 months live with no reported depeg, and no public price series to measure deviation against. SPS-05 3: naira parity only, no purchasing-power anchoring. SPS-06 2: redemption settles only to Nigerian bank accounts. Weighted 24.5/9.5 = 2.58.
Fiat Independence & Interoperability2x1.0
FI-01 1 and FI-02 1: hard-pegged 1:1 to the naira and backed 100% by naira in commercial banks. FI-03 1: cannot function without Nigerian bank accounts, since virtual accounts, payouts and reserves all sit there. FI-04 1: the cngn-price-oracle repo publishes NGN/USD, a centrally sourced fiat feed. FI-05 1: naira failure passes straight through to the holder. FI-06 2: fiat integration is the product, with no stated exit path. FI-07 1: no mechanism for local or sectoral currencies to settle against it. FI-08 3: nine chains plus a documented bridge and bridge-quote API, which is generic crypto interoperability rather than an open monetary standard. Weighted 15.5/11.5 = 1.35.
Traction2x3.0
TR-01 5: Celo deployment dated 6 August 2026 in the issuer's own changelog, GitHub pushes on 17 August 2026. TR-02 2: live since February 2025, so 18 months. TR-03 2: no published user count and cumulative transaction volume was reported at over $2.5M in September 2025. TR-04 2: business-facing by design, with Roqqu and Xend Finance named, but few documented integrations. TR-05 3: the naira is the unit of account in Nigeria and the issuer positions cNGN as a programmable unit of account for developers, but pricing in cNGN itself is occasional. TR-06 5: Convexity and Alpha Geek are shipping publicly and accountably. TR-07 4: a consortium of Nigerian banks and fintechs plus named exchange and tokenization partners. TR-08 4: Ledger Insights, CoinGeek, BusinessDay, a Chambers practice guide, an English Wikipedia article, and recognition inside the SEC's own incubation programme. TR-09 4: no token incentives; adoption is utility-driven and slow. TR-10 4: three new chains added during 2026. TR-11 3: a clear regional narrative as Africa's first regulated stablecoin, with a developer and institutional community rather than a cultural one. Weighted 54.5/17.5 = 3.11.
Sovereignty2.0
SO-01 2: the issuing company and the Nigerian SEC can halt issuance and redemption, though existing tokens persist on chain. SO-02 3: standard ERC-20 contracts on public chains with open-source SDKs, but mint and redeem run through a closed API. SO-03 1: fully dependent on one state, holding a Nigerian SEC approval, Nigerian bank reserves and CBN payment oversight. SO-04 3: hybrid, since tokens are self-custodiable once withdrawn but withdrawals only reach whitelisted addresses and the account balance is custodial until then. SO-05 4: a consortium of firms, not one person. SO-06 3: critical dependencies on Nigerian banking partners and a single API gateway. SO-07 2: address whitelisting is mandatory for withdrawals, so censorship is designed in and the criteria are disclosed. SO-08 2: full KYC and KYB, IP whitelisting, and operator-held transaction history. SO-09 2: a standard mintable and burnable token controlled by the issuer, so monetary rules rest on operator honesty. Weighted 31/14 = 2.21.
Governance2.0
GO-01 2: corporate governance under a consortium and a regulator, with no published protocol governance procedure. GO-02 2: decision power sits with the issuing company and consortium board. GO-03 3: supply is fully auditable on chain across published contracts, and the contract-addresses page is exemplary and carries an anti-lookalike warning, but deliberation is closed and no reserve attestation is published. GO-04 2: no governance exists to capture, though the regulator is a real external constraint. GO-05 2: changes are announced through a dated public changelog, with no vote. GO-06 2: no separation between monetary and operational decisions. GO-07 2: a compliance-first mission with no charter protecting principles. GO-08 2: the issuer can mint within its licence, with no timelock or special constraint. Weighted 26/12.5 = 2.08.
Resilience3.0
RE-01 3: launched into Nigeria's crypto crackdown and the naira's devaluation, and survived the SEC transition and an exchange-listing freeze, but faced no depeg or exploit test. RE-02 3: nine chains, but one API gateway and one banking stack. RE-03 3: balances are recoverable from public chains while the reserve claim depends on the company, and no disaster-recovery plan is published. RE-04 4: a simple 1:1 reserve model with a well-documented API and four official SDKs. RE-05 4: already ported to nine stacks, which makes it technology-agnostic in practice. RE-06 2: no published circuit breakers, stress testing or attestation, and a run would depend on Nigerian bank liquidity and FX access, which the issuer's own FAQ names as an open gap. RE-07 3: a commercial venture on bridge and network fees over a small float. RE-08 2: tightly coupled to current internet and banking rails. RE-09 3: programmable API, four SDKs, webhooks and an llms.txt, with machine participation gated behind API keys, IP whitelisting and human business onboarding. Weighted 33.5/12.5 = 2.68.
Inclusivity3.0
IN-01 2: the API is business-only, redemption needs a Nigerian bank account, and requests need whitelisted IPs, so retail can hold cNGN but cannot mint or redeem. IN-02 4: holding and transferring on Base or Celo costs cents, with no minimum balance. IN-03 4: financial inclusion is the stated purpose and Nigeria has a large unbanked population and high crypto use, with adoption still early. IN-04 2: interest on the naira reserves accrues to the issuer, and the terms are not disclosed. IN-05 3: tiered by design, since institutional API access and retail holding are different rules. IN-06 2: full KYC and KYB, IP whitelisting and address whitelisting. IN-07 3: no mechanism that concentrates or spreads holdings, and no yield paid to holders. Weighted 27/10 = 2.70.