United Economy
Dutch cooperative trade network of more than 600 sustainability-driven businesses and over a thousand individuals who pay each other in circular euros at par with the euro. Circular euros are bought 1:1 with regular euros, carry no interest, and keep spending circulating inside the values-driven network; an independent foundation safeguards the reserves that back them.
The Netherlands' national circular-money network: cooperative full-reserve digital currency at euro parity, with democratically governed operations and independently safeguarded reserves.
M69 Score
Scored against the Money2069 Manifesto — see methodology. Higher = more aligned.
Detailed Rating Breakdown
Issuance Model3x3.0
Debt-free full-reserve issuance: circular euros enter circulation only when purchased 1:1 with euros; membership-gated but rule-based, with redemption available after a six-month holding period.
Spending Power Stability2x3.0
Euro parity backed by full reserves under independent oversight; stability is exactly the euro's — no separate purchasing-power mechanism.
Fiat Independence & Interoperability2x1.0
Denominated in and fully backed by euros, dependent on banking rails; the network changes where money flows, not what money is.
Traction2x3.0
600+ member businesses and 1,100+ individuals nationwide with roughly a decade of continuous operation and partner networks (STRO lineage, Odin, Happy Planet Professionals); steady rather than fast-growing.
Sovereignty1.0
Centralized custodial platform operated by the cooperative; accounts can be administered centrally.
Governance3.0
Democratic cooperative with a general assembly, and reserve custody structurally separated into Stichting Beheer Circulair Geld with independent board members — a real monetary/operational separation rare at this scale.
Resilience3.0
Ten-plus years of operation on membership funding and proven STRO-family software; no crisis-tested monetary mechanism.
Inclusivity3.0
Open to values-driven businesses and individuals; membership vetting and fees are mild barriers, with no anti-concentration mechanisms.